The aim of paper is to present some examples of industrial design objects analysed using the complexity and the fractal geometry. For many years the designers found inspiration by the Euclidean geometry and by the Euclidean shapes (for example, triangles, squares, polygons, Platonic solids, and polyhedra), and it is no surprise that the industrial design’s objects have Euclidean aspects. An industrial design can be a two- or three-dimensional pattern used to. Industrial design consists of the ideation of a shape, configuration or composition of pattern or colour. One of the definitions of industrial design could be the following: “Creation and development of concepts and specifications aimed at optimizing the functions, value, and appearance of products, structures, and systems”. The cultural dimension is also of fundamental importance. The member states of the Council of Europe signatory to the European Landscape Convention declared their concern to achieve sustainable development based on a balanced and harmonious relationship between social needs, economic activity and the environment. The Convention represents an important contribution to the implementation of the objectives of the Council of Europe: these seek to protect Europeans' quality of life and well-being, taking into account landscape, cultural and natural values. It therefore concerns not just remarkable landscapes but also ordinary everyday landscapes and blighted areas. It applies to the entire territory of the Parties and relates to natural, urban and peri-urban areas, whether on land, water or sea. It is the first international treaty to be exclusively concerned with all dimensions of European landscape. The three factors decide and affect the changing trend of landscape pattern.Īdopted in Florence (Italy) on 20 October 2000, the European Landscape Convention is aimed at promoting the protection, management and planning of European landscapes and organising European cooperation on landscape issues. Three main driving forces affected the change of landscape pattern of land use in this district restriction of natural environment, interference of human activities and policy direction. The ecology in this district shows obvious vulnerability and easy resilience. The fractal dimension of landscape is smaller and changes little. In the study district, the fragmentation degree of landscape is lower. The area under cultivation has increased by a large margin while the areas of grassland and unused land have decreased by a large margin. The dynamic degree of different landscape area has changed enormously in study district.
TERRAGEN 2 DEEP EDITION PATCH
The patch number of water landscape has increased substantially. The analysis shows that the area and number of landscape patches in research district changed obviously in the past ten years. Moreover, the paper calculates the landscape characteristic indexes of the spatial data model. Through the interpretation of RS on small scales, this essay superimposes and analyzes the spatial data model established by GIS.
The information source is TM remote sensing image of 2000, 20 in Zhenlai Xian. The analysis combines natural elements and humanistic elements.
This paper concretely analyzes the change of landscape pattern of land use in Zhenlai Xian, Jilin Province. If restoration would be necessary, it should accounts that present field areas could not be natural and original wetlands were greater in number but lesser in area than today. It was observed that the fractal dimension and Circularity Index are the best descriptors of the nowadays anthropogenic landscape of forests, fields and wetlands.
Using ArcViewGIS 3.2 and Fragstats (McGARIGAL MARKS, 1995) softwares, maps were drawn and landscape composition metrics were calculated. It was considered the matrix as cultivated areas, and patches of natural vegetation. So, this paper aims to analyze the landscape structure in the Upper Pitangui River in the Atlantic Forest Biome, to measure its potential for environmental conservation. Frequently landscapes presents habitats increasingly fragmented, which requires actions of environmental management. Landscape Ecology emphasizes the interaction between spatial patterns and ecological processes in a spatial and temporal scales. The landscape is compound of different elements originated in the natural or cultural domain that interact dynamically.
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